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    • Secure Through Development: Evaluation of India’s Border Area Development Programme

    The Border Area Development Programme was initiated in the year 1986–87, to strengthen India’s security by ensuring developed and secure borders. Initially, the programme was implemented in the western border states to facilitate deployment of the Border Security Force. Later, the geographical and functional scope of the programme was widened to include eastern and northern sectors of India’s borders and as well as socio-economic aspects such as education, health, agriculture and other allied sectors. But, it is difficult to say that the implementation has been uniform in all the sectors.

    N. Manoharan, Depak Saravanan and Vasvi Saini
    January 2020

    Sanjay Tandan asked: What are the key transit routes to India’s north-eastern states running through Bangladesh, and how do they impact border management?

    Pushpita Das replies: At present, Bangladesh allows transit facilities to India’s north-eastern states by waterways for cargoes and roadways for passengers. For transit through waterways, India and Bangladesh had signed the Protocol on Inland Water Transit and Trade (PIWTT) on June 06, 2015, in which following inland water routes were mentioned:

    Renu Balla asked: Is there any difference in the management of ‘International Border', ‘Line of control’ and ‘Actual Ground Position Line’?

    Pushpita Das replies: India shares a 3,323 km border with Pakistan. The border is divided into three parts: First is the International Border (IB), which stretches for approximately 2,400 km from Gujarat to the north banks of Chenab in Akhnoor in Jammu. Second is the Line of Control (LoC), which is 740 km long and runs from parts of Jammu to parts of Leh. It is a ceasefire line which came into existence after the 1948 and 1971 wars between India and Pakistan.

    Doklam and the Indo-China Boundary

    On 19 December 2017, three days ahead of the scheduled 20th Round of Indo-China border talk between the Indian National Security Advisor (NSA), Ajit Doval, and China’s State Councillor, Yang Jiechi (the details of which are yet to be made public), the daily Times of India reported a statement by China that the Doklam standoff posed a ‘major test’ for the bilateral ties and that lessons should be learnt from it to avoid a similar situation of its kind in the future.1 China’s statement was made in the context of the face-off between Indian Army and China’s People’s Liberation Army (PL

    A.K. Bardalai
    January-March 2018

    Comprehensive Integrated Border Management System: Issues and Challenges

    Implementation of high-tech solutions without adequately trained personnel is unlikely to help the Border Security Force achieve the goal of foolproof border surveillance.

    Pushpita Das
    October 04, 2017

    Mary Singha asked: How effective is the implementation of Border Area Development Programme (BADP) in blocks along the international border of Northeast India?

    Pushpita Das replies: India’s border areas are plagued by poor accessibility, inadequate infrastructure, depressed economic growth, rampant poverty and a sense of insecurity among the people. The development of border areas has therefore been envisaged as an important element in border management. Towards this end, the Border Area Development Programme (BADP) was initiated as early as 1987 along the India-Pakistan border to ‘meet the special development needs of the people living in remote and inaccessible areas situated near the international border’.

    An Analysis of the Internal Security Budget 2017-18

    For the financial year 2017-18, the Ministry of Home Affairs(MHA) has been allocated Rs. 83,823 crore, a hike of around 11.5 per cent over that of the previous year. Though the Union government has been providing substantial budget support to the MHA to aid its reform and modernisation programs, the ministry’s efforts to bring about desired reforms have shown mixed results so far.

    Pushpita Das
    February 21, 2017

    Is a Border Fence an Absolute Essential along the India-Myanmar Border?

    Regulated borders with greater emphasis on developing people-to-people contact and cross-border trade initiatives are likely to yield greater security benefits as against a closed border.

    Pradeep Singh Chhonkar
    February 06, 2017

    Implications of a Complete Sealing of the India-Pakistan Border

    Instead of erecting static structures or walls with mounted electronic complements, a more dynamic mode of border management and surveillance may be expedient and cost-effective with concomitant mobile patrols by all-terrain vehicles, hovercraft, etc.

    Gautam Sen
    October 18, 2016

    Message from the Indo-Bangladesh Border: `Banijya Basati Lakkhi’

    Message from the Indo-Bangladesh Border: `Banijya Basati Lakkhi’

    While a higher volume of trade through Petrapole should benefit both countries, this new ICP mechanism needs to be suitably leveraged to ensure that the north-east also derives benefits.

    Gautam Sen
    August 02, 2016

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