Prasad P. Rane replies: Terrorism finance is one of the financial crimes, but the wider domain includes, among others, money laundering, sanctions (evasion and circumvention), corporate frauds, narcotics trade, human trafficking and illegal arms trade. In India, there are no formal degree courses, neither on counter terrorism finance in particular nor related to any of the financial crimes. The absence of degree courses in financial crimes is due to sheer dynamism of the domain.
The Balakot Strategic Shift – Needed a ‘Counter Proxy War’ Doctrine
There is an urgent need to formulate a ‘Counter Proxy War Doctrine’ that integrates diplomacy, defence, development and other tools of hard and soft power.